I-CentOS 7 Hypervisor I-iiNethiwekhi zeSMB

Isalathiso ngokubanzi sothotho: Iinethiwekhi zekhompyuter zee-SMEs: Intshayelelo

Bafundi abathandekayo!

Ngamanye amaxesha sijongana neeSeva zobuNgcali ezixhasa kuphela iiNkqubo zokuSebenza ezithile ngexesha loBonelelo lwabo - Ukubonelela yokuqala. Ngokomntu, siye sadibana neeseva ezithi, ngexesha lale nkqubo, zixhasa kuphela oku kulandelayo:

• Microsoft Windows Server 2003 kunye nosapho
• Microsoft Windows Server 2008 kunye nosapho
• Microsoft Windows Server 2012 kunye nosapho
• I-Red Hat Enterprise Linux RHEL 4, 6 kunye ne-7
• I-SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12

Debian, Ubuntu, nezinye...? Akukho nto. Oku ngasentla akuthethi ukuba asikwazi ukufaka inkqubo yokusebenza eyahlukileyo, kodwa kuya kwenzeka ntoni ngewaranti, abaqhubi, iipetshi, ukuhlaziywa, njl.? Umfundi ngamnye makazenzele ezakhe izigqibo.

Namhlanje ndifumene ngonxibelelwano lobuqu kunye nomhlobo wam kunye nogxa wam uJulio Cesar Carballo - usebenza kwiZiko leDatha elibalulekileyo - ukuba uchithe malunga neentsuku ezili-10 efaka malunga neeseva ezichwephesha ezili-180.ukusuka kwiibhokisi zakho ukuya kwindawo yokubeka kunye ne-wiring iyonke ibandakanyiwe»ngendlela yokusebenza ye-Ubuntu.

Ngobuchule kunokwenzeka ukusebenzisa iDebian, Ubuntu, CentOS - RHEL, SuSE, okanye enye inkqubo yokusebenza UNIX Like -ngaphandle kwe inkqubo-Kucetyiswa ngomsebenzi onjalo, njengenkxaso ye-virtualization kwiiseva zobungcali zalo naluphi na uluhlu.

Kweli nqaku asiyi kunika amakhonkco amaninzi phakathi kwemigca, kuba sicinga ukuba ulandele izithuba zangaphambili kuluhlu ukuya kweli nqaku «Iinethiwekhi zekhompyuter zee-SMEs«, Kwaye nokuba sele beqhelene namagama, izifinyezo kunye neenkcazo. Ngawaphi loo maphepha?

• Iinethiwekhi zekhompyuter zee-SMEs: Intshayelelo
• Ukufakwa kwendawo yokusebenza
• Iidesika ezi-6 zeDebian
• Ukusebenza ngokunyanisekileyo kwiDebian: Intshayelelo
• Qemu-Kvm + Umphathi weVirt-on kwiDebian
• Imiyalelo ye-virt kwi-Debian
• Intetho yeCentOS
  
• Umyalelo wentsholongwane
• Umphathi weVirtual kunye ne-virsh: Ulawulo olukude ngeSSH

Kwaye nangona ingaveli ngokuthe ngqo kuthotho, kuluncedo kakhulu ukufunda eli nqaku lilandelayo, njengoko lithethelela ngokuyinxenye ukhetho losasazo lweLinux esilwenzileyo kuthotho lwezithuba ezikhankanywe ngasentla:

• Ukuhanjiswa ngokuhanjiswa kwexesha kweLinux

Namhlanje sizama ukunika a Isikhokelo ukufaka iHypervisor ngeCentOS - CentOS Hypervisor. Umfundi ngamnye kufuneka alungelelanise ngokuhambelana ne-hardware yomncedisi wabo, kunye neemfuno zomenzi. Siye sahamba okokugqibela Inyathelo ngenyathelo loFakelo ngokusebenzisa iMifanekiso, ukwenza kube lula ukufunda eli nqaku.

• Gcina ukhumbula ukuba iRed Hat, Inc. ngoyena mxhasi ophambili weCentOS, kwaye iRed Hat, Inc nguye ogcina uphuhliso lwe-libvirt, virt-manager, oVirt, kwaye phantse yonke into enxulumene nokubonwa ngeQemu -KVM. kunye nolawulo lwayo.

Ubuncinci bezicwangciso emva kokufaka inyathelo ngenyathelo

Ukwenza ubomi bethu bube lula, kuba asikabi nayo DNS kwi LAN, siyiguqula kancinane ifayile /etc/host:

[ingcambu@centos7 ~]# nano /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 inginginya yasekuhlaleni host.idomain yendawohost4 inginginya yendawo4.idomain4 ::1 inginginya yasekuhlaleni host6.idomain yendawo6 6 centos10.10.10.4.desdelinux.fan centos 10.10.10.1 sysadmin.desdelinux.fan sysadmin

Sibhengeza ngokuqinisekileyo iindawo zokugcina esiza kuzisebenzisa kwaye sihlaziye inkqubo:

[ingcambu@centos7 ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[ingcambu@centos7 yum.repos.d] # ls -l
Iyonke i-28 -rw-r-r--. Ingcambu ye-1 ingcambu 1664 Dec 9 2015 CentOS-Base.repo -rw-r-r--. Ingcambu ye1 yengcambu 1309 Dec 9 2015 CentOS-CR.repo -rw-r-r--. Ingcambu ye-1 ingcambu 649 Dec 9 2015 CentOS-Debuginfo.repo -rw-r-r--. Ingcambu ye1 ingcambu 290 Dec 9 2015 CentOS-fasttrack.repo -rw-r-r--. Ingcambu ye1 ingcambu 630 Dec 9 2015 CentOS-Media.repo -rw-r-r--. Ingcambu ye-1 ingcambu 1331 Dec 9 2015 CentOS-Imithombo.repo -rw-r-r--. Ingcambu ye-1 ingcambu 1952 Dec 9 2015 CentOS-Vault.repo

Ewe kunempilo ukufunda imixholo yeefayile zesibhengezo sokuqala seendawo zokugcina ezicetyiswa yiCentOS. Utshintsho esilwenzayo apha lubangelwa kukuba asinako ukufikelela kwi-Intanethi kwaye sisebenza nogcino lwasekuhlaleni olukhutshelwe kwiWWW.

[ingcambu@centos7 yum.repos.d] # yoqobo mkdir
[root@centos7 yum.repos.d]# mv CentOS-* originals/

[root@centos7 yum.repos.d]# nano centos-base.repo
[centos-base] igama=CentOS-$releasever baseurl=http://10.10.10.1/repos/centos/7/base/ gpgcheck=0 enabled=1

[root@centos7 yum.repos.d] # nano centos-updates.repo
[centos-updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever
baseurl=http://10.10.10.1/repos/centos/7/updates/x86_64/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

[root@centos7 yum.repos.d]# yum coca yonke
Iiplagi ezilayishiwe: i-fastestmirror, ii-langpacks Ukucoca iindawo zokugcina: i-centos-base-centos-uhlaziyo Ukucoca yonke into

[root@centos7 yum.repos.d]# uhlaziyo lweyum
Iiplagi ezilayishiwe: i-fastestmirror, i-centos-base langpacks | 3.4 kB 00:00 uhlaziyo lweesenti | 3.4 kB 00:00 (1/2): isiseko-siseko / isiseko_db | 5.3 MB 00:01 (2/2): iisentos-uhlaziyo / i-primary_db | 9.1 MB 00:01 Ukuchonga izibuko ezikhawulezayo Akukho phakheji iphawulwe ngohlaziyo

Umyalezo othi “Akukho zipakethe eziphawulwe ukuba zihlaziywe” ubonisa ukuba, ngokubhengeza ezona ndawo zokugcina izinto ezisexesheni esinazo ngexesha lofakelo, ngokuchanekileyo ezona phakheji zikhoyo zifakiwe.

Ziziphi iiphakheji ezinxulumene ne-Hypervisor ezifakwe?

Kwincwadi / ingcambu, Umfaki Anaconda ishiya ifayile enezona parameters zibalulekileyo ezazisetyenziswa ngexesha lokusasazwa kwe-CentOS. Sifuna ukwazi ukuba zeziphi iipakethe ezifakiweyo, kuba kude kube ngoku asizange sisebenzise umyalelo ngokuthe ngqo yum ufake, xa usebenzisa isifakeli segraphical.

[ingcambu @ centos7 ~] # ikati ye-anaconda-ks.cfg ....
% imipakisho @^virtualization-host-environment
@base
@compat-libraries
@undoqo
@debugging
@virtualization-hypervisor
@virtualization-platform
@virtualization-izixhobo
....

Iiphakheji - iiphakheji kunye nesimboli @ Ekuqaleni, babonisa Amaqela ePhakeji. Kwimeko yethu, ukufumana uluhlu lwamaQela, kuye kwafuneka songeze iDVD yokufakela kwisibhengezo sogcino:

[ingcambu @ centos7 ~] # intaba /dev/sr0 /media/
intaba: /dev/sr0 ikhuselwe ngokubhala, inyusela ukufunda kuphela

[ingcambu@centos7 ~]# nano /etc/yum.repos.d/centos-media.repo
[centos-media] igama=CentOS-$releasever baseurl=file:///media gpgcheck=0 enabled=1

[ingcambu @ centos7 ~]# yum coca yonke
Iiplagi zilayishiwe:isibuko esikhawulezayo, iilangpacks Ukucoca iindawo zokugcina: centos-base centos-media centos-updates Ukucoca yonke into Ukucoca uluhlu lwezibuko ezikhawulezayo

[ingcambu @ centos7 ~]# uhlaziyo lweyum
Elayishiweyo iiplagi:fastestmirror, langpacks centos-base | 3.4 kB 00:00 i-centos-media | 3.6 kB 00:00 centos-uhlaziyo | 3.4 kB 00:00 (1/4): centos-media/group_gz | 155 kB 00:00 (2/4): centos-media/primary_db | 5.3 MB 00:00 (3/4): centos-base/primary_db | 5.3 MB 00:00 (4/4): centos-updates/primary_db | 9.1 MB

[ingcambu @ centos7 ~]# yum repolist yonke
Iiplagi ezilayishiweyo:isibuko esikhawulezayo, iilangpacks Ilayisha izantya zesipili ukusuka kwi-cached hostfile repository id repository name status centos-base CentOS-7 yenziwe yasebenza: 9,007 centos-media CentOS-7 yenziwe yasebenza: 9,007 centos-updates CentOS-7 yenziwe yasebenza: 2,560po20,574:XNUMX restist, XNUMX

[ingcambu @ centos7 ~]# uluhlu lweqela yum
... Amaqela okusiNgqongileyo akhoyo: UFakelo oluNcinane lweCompute yeNode yeSiseko soShicilelo lweFayile kunye neServer eSiseko yeSeva yeWeb Virtualization Umamkeli weGnome yeDesktop yeGnome Iindawo zokuSebenza zePlasma KDE Uphuhliso kunye neCreative Workstation ekhoyo Amaqela: Ulawulo lweeNdlela eziXhasiweyo zeLifa leUNIX inkxaso yeNkqubo yoLawulo lweZixhobo zoPhuhliso lweZixhobo zoKhuseleko. Izixhobo zoLawulo lweMizobo ye-Intanethi ye-Intanethi yeConsole Tools. INkxaso yezeNzululwazi uMnini weKhadi eliSmart...

ó

[ingcambu @ centos7 ~]# uluhlu lwamaqela yum id
Iiplagi ezilayishiweyo:i-fastestmirror, langpacks Ilayisha izantya zesipili kwifayile egciniweyo yehostele Ekhoyo Amaqela okusiNgqongileyo Akhoyo Amaqela okusiNgqongileyo: Ufakelo oluncinane (oluncinci) INodi yeKhompyutha (i-compute-node-indalo) Umncedisi wezakhiwo (iinfrastructure-server-imo) Iseva kunye nefayile yoshicilelo (ifayile-print -server- imeko-bume) Umncedisi we web osisiseko (umncedisi we web-indalo) umamkeli wokwenyani (ukwenza-inginginya-bume-bume) umncedisi we GUI (umzobo-umncedisi-indalo) i-desktop ye-Gnome (i-gnome-desktop-imeko-bume) isithuba se-Plasma KDE ( kde-desktop-imeko-bume) Uphuhliso kunye neCreative Workstation (umphuhlisi-workstation-imeko-bume) Amaqela aFakelweyo: Amathala eencwadi ahambelanayo (iilayibrari ezihambelanayo) Inkxaso yeLifa le-UNIX yeLifa (ilifa-unix) Izixhobo zoLawulo lweNkqubo (inkqubo-yolawulo-izixhobo ) Izixhobo zokhuseleko (izixhobo zokhuseleko) Amaqela akhoyo: Ulawulo lwenkqubo (ulawulo lwenkqubo) Izixhobo zophuhliso (uphuhliso) Izixhobo zoLawulo lweMizobo (igraphical-admin-tools) izixhobo ze-Internet console. (console-intanethi) Inkxaso yezenzululwazi (yenzululwazi) Inkxaso ye-Smart-card

Ngexesha lofakelo sikhetha ukhetho oluphambili Umamkeli weVirtualization kwaye ngaphakathi kwayo ukuya kwi Iplatifomu yokuQiniseka:

[ingcambu@centos7 ~]# yum groupinfo virtualization-host-environment
---- IQela lokusiNgqongileyo: I-ID ye-Virtualization engumamkeli: i-virtualization-host-environment INkcazelo: Inginginya yokubona okuncinci. Amaqela anyanzelekileyo: isiseko esingundoqo
    virtualization-hypervisor
    Izixhobo ze-virtualization
Amaqela aKhethayo: ukulungisa ingxaki +inethiwekhi-ifayile-inkqubo-umxhasi +inkqubo-ekude-ulawulo
    iqonga le-virtualization

[ingcambu @ centos7 ~]# yum groupinfo virtualization-hypervisor
.... Iqela: I-Virtualization Hypervisor I-ID yeQela: i-virtualization-hypervisor Inkcazo: Ufakelo oluncinci lwe-virtualization host. Iipakethe ezinyanzelekileyo:
   =libvirt
   =qemu-kvm
 Iiphakheji ozikhethayo: qemu-kvm-izixhobo

[ingcambu @ centos7 ~]# yum groupinfo yezixhobo-zokubona
.... Iqela: Izixhobo zeVirtualization Iqela-Id: virtualization-izixhobo Inkcazo: Izixhobo zolawulo lwemifanekiso yenyani engaxhunyiwe kwi-intanethi. Iipakethe ezihlala zikhona:
   =libguestfs
 Iiphakheji ozikhethayo: libguestfs-java libguestfs-izixhobo libguestfs-izixhobo-c

[ingcambu @ centos7 ~]# yum groupinfo yolwazi-iqonga
.... Iqela: I-Virtualization Platform Group-ID: i-virtualization-platform Inkcazo: Ibonelela nge-interface yokufikelela kunye nokulawula iinginginya ezingabonakaliyo kunye nezikhongozeli. Iiphakheji ezifunekayo: libvirt
   =libvirt-client
   =intombi-ngubani
 Iiphakheji ozikhethayo: ucingo-virtd-libvirt ucingo-virtd-multicast ucingo-virtd-serial libvirt-cim libvirt-java libvirt-snmp perl-Sys-Virt

Enye indlela yokufumana uluhlu olupheleleyo lweePakethi eziFakelweyo zezi zilandelayo:

[ingcambu @ centos7 ~]# uluhlu lweyum lufakiwe
[ingcambu@centos7 ~]# uluhlu lweyum lufakiwe > install.txt

Inxulumene neHypervisor

[ingcambu@centos7 ~]# egrep "(vir|kvm|qemu)" ifakiwe.txt
ipxe-roms-qemu.noarch 20130517-8.gitc4bce43.el7_2.1 @Updates libvirt.x86_64 1.2.17-13.el7_2.5 @Updates libvirt-client.x86_64 1.2.17 daemon.x13_7 2.5-86.el64_1.2.17 @Uhlaziyo libvirt-daemon-config-network.x13_7 2.5-86.el64_1.2.17 @Uhlaziyo libvirt-daemon-config-nwfilter.x13_7-2.5 .86 @Uhlaziyo libvirt-daemon-driver-interface.x64_1.2.17 13-7.el2.5_86 @Updates libvirt-daemon-driver-lxc.x64_1.2.17 13-7.el2.5_86 @Uhlaziyo libvirt-dae network.x64_1.2.17 13-7.el2.5_86 @Uhlaziyo libvirt-daemon-driver-nodedev.x64_1.2.17 13-7.el2.5_86 @Uhlaziyo libvirt-daemon-driver-nwfilter.x64_1.2.17-13. .7 @Uhlaziyo libvirt-daemon-driver-qemu.x2.5_86 64-1.2.17.el13_7 @Updates libvirt-daemon-driver-secret.x2.5_86 64-1.2.17.el13_7 @Updates libvirt-dae storage.x2.5_86 64-1.2.17.el13_7 @Uhlaziyo libvirt-daemon-kvm.x2.5_86 64-1.2.17.el13_7 @Uhlaziyo libvirt-python.x2.5_86 64-1.2.17.elmu-se x13_7 2.5:86-64.el1.2.17_2 @Uhlaziyo qemu-kvm.x7_86 64:10-1.5.3.el105_7 @Uhlaziyo qemu-kvm-common.x2.7_86 64:10-1.5.3 105:7-2.7.el86_64 @Uhlaziyo virt-what.x10_1.5.3 105-7.el2.7 @Base virt-who.noarch 86-64.el1.13_6 @Updates

Qaphela ukuba imveliso yangaphambili ibonisa ukuba yeyiphi indawo yokugcina ipakethe nganye efakwe kuyo. Ngendlela, siqinisekisa ngokungathanga ngqo ukuba sisebenza nenguqulo ye-CentOS 7.2. Singabona kwakhona ukuba, ngesihluzo esisetyenziswe kuluhlu lweepakethe, umzekelo, umqulu mzantsiweb ekwayinxalenye yePlatform yeVirtualization.

Siyacebisa Khangela kancinci kuLuhlu lweePakethi eziFakelweyo.

Imisebenzi yokugqibela… okanye phantse

Gqibezela uqwalaselo lwehypervisor cents7.desdelinux.umlandeli kwaye wenze umatshini wakho wokuqala onenyani, ukude, njengoko sibonisile kwinqaku Umphathi weVirtual kunye ne-virsh: Ulawulo olukude ngeSSH.

Kubafundi abakhetha iConsola esoloko iphathwa kakubi, siya kunikezela inqaku elilandelayo «CentOS 7 Hypervisor: Ulawulo olukude» apho siya kusebenzisa kakhulu imiyalelo umtshana y ukufaka-ukufaka yenziwe kude kwindawo yethu yokusebenza sysadmin.fromlinu.fan.

Ukufakwa kwenyathelo ngenyathelo ngemifanekiso

Ukuqwalaselwa:

• Imifanekiso iyazichaza. Umfaki Anaconda ukusuka kwi-CentOS Sisixhobo esinamandla kakhulu kwiklasi yayo.
• Amaxabiso abonisiwe enzelwe iinjongo zovavanyo kuphela kwaye akufanele nanini na athathwe njengokucetyiswa okanye ngokusemthethweni.
• Umyalelo olandelwayo ukwanelisa iimfuno zomfaki ngumzekelo kuphela.
• Inyaniso yokuba asikhethanga uMgaqo-nkqubo woKhuseleko - UMGAQO-NKQUBO WEZOKHUSELEKO nayiphi na, ayithethi ukuba kufuneka uyenze. Ngaphezu koko, siyakumema ukuba uyisebenzise
• Ngokhetho lwe KDUMP into efanayo yenzeka njengakwinqaku elidlulileyo
• Kuqwalaselo lweNethiwekhi, asichukumisi iinketho ezininzi kuba asizifuni ukwenza iseva yethu yovavanyo lwenyani. Akufuneki ukuthetha, nangona luvavanyo, lusebenza ngokuchanekileyo.
• Uhlobo lokwahlula kunye nobukhulu bezahlulo zalo ngumzekelo kwaye akukho nto.
• I-SOFTWARE SELECTION kukufumana i-Hypervisor enenani elincinci leephakheji ezifakiwe. Siyakumema ukuba utyebise iseva yakho kwimveliso
• Ngokumalunga ne-INSTALLATION SOURCE, siphinda ukuba sisebenzisa iindawo zokugcina zendawo ngenxa yokungabikho koqhagamshelwano lwasekhaya kwi-Intanethi. Sisebenza kunye nogcino lwasekuhlaleni olukhutshelweyo - ngabahlobo kunye noogxa bethu - kwiWWW
• Ukuba emva kokuqalisa kwakhona inkqubo yokusebenza ekupheleni kofakelo ucelwa ukuba ufunde kwaye uvume iSivumelwano sokugqibela seLayisensi, umyalelo wezitshixo ngu "1", "2" kunye no "c", ngaphandle kweengcaphuno. Wamkelekile!. 😉

Igalari yemifanekiso