I3WM, IceWM, Ion, JWM ne-MatchBox: ama-WM angama-5 weLinux

Namuhla siyaqhubeka nesethu okuthunyelwe kwesihlanu mayelana ne Abaphathi bamawindi (Abaphathi beWindows - WM, ngesiNgisi), lapho sizobuyekeza khona okulandelayo 5, kusuka ohlwini lwethu lwe 50 okuxoxwe ngaphambilini.

Ngaleyo ndlela, ukuqhubeka nokwazi izici ezibalulekile zazo, njengokuthi, ingabe zikhona noma cha amaphrojekthi asebenzayo, ukuthi Uhlobo lwe-WM yibo, okungokwabo izici eziphambili, futhi zifakwa kanjani, phakathi kwezinye izici.

Kuyafaneleka ukukhumbula ukuthi uhlu oluphelele lwabaphathi bamawindi abazimele nabondliwayo of a Imvelo yedeskithophu Ngokuqondile, kutholakala kokuthunyelwe okuhlobene okulandelayo:

I-athikili ehlobene:

Abaphathi bamawindi: I-Graphical User Interfaces ye-GNU / Linux

Futhi uma kwenzeka ufuna ukufunda ifayili lethu le- okuthunyelwe kwangaphambilini okuhlobene Lapho i-WM yangaphambilini ibuyekeziwe, okulandelayo kungachofozwa izixhumanisi:

1. 2BWM, 9WM, AEWM, Afterstep futhi Awesome
2. IBerryWM, iBlackbox, iBSPWM, iByobu neCompiz
3. I-CWM, i-DWM, i-Enlightenment, i-EvilWM ne-EXWM
4. I-Fluxbox, i-FLWM, i-FVWM, iHaze neHerbstluftwm

Ama-WM amanye ama-5 weLinux

I3WM

Incazelo

Ngokuya ngewebhusayithi yayo esemthethweni, ichazwa njenge:

“Imenenja yefasitela efana neTiling, ebhalwe ngokuphelele kusuka ekuqaleni. Amapulatifomu okubhekiswe kuwo okumele asebenze yi-GNU / Linux ne-BSD Operating Systems. Ikhodi yethu iyiFree and Open Source Software (FOSS) ngaphansi kwelayisense le-BSD. Futhi, i3 ngokuyinhloko ihloselwe abasebenzisi abaphambili nabathuthukisi. Futhi ukuthuthuka kwayo kusekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho okutholakele lapho ufuna ukugenca (ukuthuthukisa) iMenenja yeWindi yeWMI".

Izici

• Iphrojekthi esebenzayo: Umsebenzi wokugcina utholwe cishe ngaphansi kwenyanga.
• I-Tipo: Ukuthayipha.
• Inikeza ikhodi efundeka kahle futhi ebhalwe phansi ethanda ukuthuthuka kwayo nokuzivumelanisa nezimo, ngabantu abakwaziyo ukuhlela kepha abangajwayelene nazo zonke izinto zangaphakathi zeX11.
• Sebenzisa i-xcb esikhundleni se-Xlib. i-xcb ine-API ehlanzeke kakhudlwana, ethanda ukuthi isheshe ezimweni eziningi.
• Isebenzisa kahle ukwesekwa kokuqapha okuningi, okungukuthi, inikezela indawo yokusebenza ngayinye esikrinini esibonakalayo. Futhi nikela ngokusekelwa kwabaqaphi abazungezisiwe.
• Sebenzisa isihlahla njengesakhiwo sedatha. Lokhu kuvumela ukwakheka okuguquguqukayo kunendlela esuselwa kukholamu esetshenziswa ngamanye amaMenenja eWindows wendabuko.

Ukufakwa

Le WM ebuyekeziwe ivame ukutholakala ezinqolobaneni eziningi ezihlukile I-GNU / Linux Distros, ngaphansi kwegama le- iphakethe "i3" o "I3-wm"Ngakho-ke, kuya ngomphathi wephakeji osetshenzisiwe, wokuqhafaza noma wokugcina, ingafakwa kalula. Imininingwane engaphezulu ngale WM ingatholakala kokulandelayo isixhumanisi.

IceWM

Incazelo

Ngokuya ngewebhusayithi yayo esemthethweni, ichazwa njenge:

“Imenenja yewindi yohlelo lwe-Linux X Window System. Futhi inhloso enkulu yawo ukuhlinzeka ngejubane nobulula bokusetshenziswa, ngaphandle kokuvimbela umsebenzisi".

Izici

• Iphrojekthi esebenzayo: Umsebenzi wokugcina utholwe cishe izinsuku ezimbili.
• I-Tipo: Ukunqwabelana.
• Kufaka ibha yomsebenzi ene-pager, okhiye bewindows kanye namawindi, kanye nohlelo lwemenyu olunamandla.
• Ivumela uhlelo lokusebenza amawindi ukuthi asebenze ngekhibhodi nangegundane. IWindows ingafakwa uphawu kubha yomsebenzi, kuthileyi, kudeskithophu noma kungafihlwa. Futhi zingalawulwa kusetshenziswa iwindi lokushintsha ngokushesha (i-Alt + Tab) kanye nohlu lwamawindi.
  
• Kubandakanya ukusekelwa kwabaqaphi abaningi ngeRandR neXinerama.
• Kuyinto okulungisekayo kakhulu, thematic, futhi ibhalwe kahle. Kufaka umphathi wesithombe sangemuva ongakhethwa wangaphandle ngokusekelwa okusobala, umphathi weseshini olula, nethreyi yohlelo.
• Itholakala ekusatshalalisweni okuningi kweLinux neBSD.

Ukufakwa

Le WM ebuyekeziwe ivame ukutholakala ezinqolobaneni eziningi ezihlukile I-GNU / Linux Distros, ngaphansi kwegama le- iphakethe "icewm"Ngakho-ke, kuya ngomphathi wephakeji osetshenzisiwe, wokuqhafaza noma wokugcina, ingafakwa kalula. Imininingwane engaphezulu ngale WM ingatholakala kokulandelayo isixhumanisi.

ion

Incazelo

Ngokuya ngewebhusayithi yayo esemthethweni, ichazwa njenge:

“Imenenja yefasitela yohlobo lweTiling, nayo enamafreyimu amathebhu wesitayela se-PWM angabamba amaklayenti amaningi windows. Lezi zici zisiza ukugcina amawindi ahlelekile futhi asheshe ashintshe phakathi kwawo. Yenzelwe ngokuyinhloko njengeMphathi weWindows osebenzayo futhi oqondayo wabasebenzisi abathanda ikhibhodi.".

Izici

• Iphrojekthi engasebenzi: Umsebenzi wokugcina utholwe eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-11 edlule.
• I-Tipo: Ukuthayela.
• Ukuthuthuka kwayo kufinyelele enguqulweni yayo engu-3 (Ion3), enikezela ukusebenza okubekwe phambili ngekhibhodi, kepha futhi evumela imisebenzi eyisisekelo, njengokushintsha nokuhudula amawindi kanye nokukhulisa usayizi wozimele, kusetshenziswa igundane.
• Inikeze amawindi anezinhlaka, enezihloko zawo ezifanele kumathebhu ahlala abonakala ngaphezu kokuqukethwe uqobo, ukuze ama-windows amaningi abe ngaphakathi kohlaka, kodwa kube linye kuphela elihlala libonakala, kuthebhu yalo kuqokonyiswe ngokufanele.
• Amafayela ayo wokumisa abhalwe kwikhodi yohlelo lwe-lua, evumela ukuthi kube nokuhlelwa okunamandla impela. Futhi, ibinemodi yewindi entantayo eyisisekelo ebingakhethwa ngokuzithandela lapho kwakhiwa izindawo zokusebenza ezintsha (ama-desktops abonakalayo).
• Iphutha elincane ku-ion3 ukuthi alizange linikeze amandla wokusebenzisa igundane ukuvula imenyu yezimpande ukuqalisa izinhlelo zokusebenza. Ngakho-ke, bekuncike kukhibhodi noma okungenani uhlobo oluthile lwesiqalisi ukwethula izinhlelo zokusebenza.

Ukufakwa

Okulandelayo kunikwe amandla wokulanda nokufaka isixhumanisi. Ngeminye imininingwane eyengeziwe ngale WM ungavakashela okulandelayo isixhumanisi.

I-JWM

Incazelo

Ngokuya ngewebhusayithi yayo esemthethweni, ichazwa njenge:

“Umphathi wewindi osindayo weX11 Window System. Kubhalwe ku-C futhi kusebenzisa kuphela i-Xlib okungenani. Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obuncane, iyiMenenja enhle yeWindi yamakhompyutha amadala nezinhlelo ezinamandla amancane, njengeRaspBerry PI, yize ikwazi ukusebenza ngokuphelele ezinhlelweni zesimanje. Futhi kuvame ukufakwa ekusatshalalisweni okuncane kweLinux njengePuppy Linux neDamn Small Linux, futhi kuyatholakala njengephakheji ehlukile kokunye ukusabalalisa okuningi.".

Izici

• Iphrojekthi esebenzayo: Umsebenzi wokugcina utholwe ezinyangeni ezi-2 ezedlule. Yize, inguqulo yayo yokugcina ekhishwe (2.3.7) yayingaphezulu nje kweminyaka engu-2 edlule.
• I-Tipo: Ukunqwabelana.
• Ifuna ukuthola ukuhambisana okuhle kakhulu namazinga we-ICCCM, MWM ne-EWMH.
• Ukucushwa kwenziwa ngefayela elilodwa le-XML.
• Inikeza ukwesekwa kwendabuko kwamapaneli nezinkinobho ezenziwe ngokwezifiso, kanye nokufakwa kudrayivu ngohlelo lwethreyi.

Ukufakwa

Le WM ebuyekeziwe ivame ukutholakala ezinqolobaneni eziningi ezihlukile I-GNU / Linux Distros, ngaphansi kwegama le- iphakethe "jwm"Ngakho-ke, kuya ngomphathi wephakeji osetshenzisiwe, wokuqhafaza noma wokugcina, ingafakwa kalula. Imininingwane engaphezulu ngale WM ingatholakala kokulandelayo isixhumanisi noma lokhu okunye isixhumanisi.

I-MatchBox

Incazelo

Ngokuya ngewebhusayithi yayo esemthethweni, ichazwa njenge:

"NOMAIndawo evulekile yomthombo wohlelo lwe-X Window System olusebenza kuzingxenyekazi ezishumekiwe ezingezona ideskithophu ezinjengokubanjwa ngesandla, amabhokisi wokusetha phezulu, ama-kiosks kagesi, nanoma yini enye enesikhala sesikrini, izindlela zokufaka, noma izinsiza zekhompyutha uhlelo lunqunyelwe".

Izici

• Iphrojekthi esebenzayo: Umsebenzi wokugcina utholwe cishe eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-8 edlule.
• I-Tipo: Ezimele.
• Inezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ezishintshashintshayo nezingakhethwa ezingashintshelwa kwipulatifomu ethile engeyona yedeskithophu ukuthuthukisa ukusebenziseka endaweni "ekhawulelwe".
• Ilungele amasistimu okumele asebenzise izinqumo eziphansi zevidiyo nama-PDA wesikrini sokuthinta.
• Yisixazululo seSoftware esiyingxenye ye-Yocto Project, okuwumthombo ovulekile wokusebenzisana wephrojekthi osiza abathuthukisi ukuthi bakhe amasistimu asuselwe ku-Linux emikhiqizo efakiwe, kungakhathalekile ukwakhiwa kwehardware. Inhloso ukuhlinzeka ngamathuluzi aguquguqukayo kanye nesikhala lapho abakhiqizi bemikhiqizo abashumekiwe emhlabeni wonke bengabelana khona ngobuchwepheshe, izitaki zesoftware, ukumiswa, kanye nemikhuba emihle engasetshenziswa ukudala izithombe ze-Linux ezijwayelekile zamadivayisi ashumekiwe.

Ukufakwa

Le WM ebuyekeziwe ivame ukutholakala ezinqolobaneni eziningi ezihlukile I-GNU / Linux Distros, ngaphansi kwegama le- iphakethe le-matchbox o "Umphathi we-Matchbox-window"Ngakho-ke, kuya ngomphathi wephakeji osetshenzisiwe, wokuqhafaza noma wokugcina, ingafakwa kalula. Imininingwane engaphezulu ngale WM ingatholakala kokulandelayo isixhumanisi futhi lokhu isixhumanisi.

Isiphetho

Siyethemba lokhu "okuthunyelwe okuwusizo okuncane" mayelana nalezi ezi-5 ezilandelayo «Gestores de Ventanas», ezimele kunoma iyiphi «Entorno de Escritorio»ubizile I3WM, IceWM, Ion, JWM ne-MatchBox, yiba nentshisekelo nokusetshenziswa okuhle, kwayo yonke «Comunidad de Software Libre y Código Abierto» kanye negalelo elikhulu ekusabalalisweni kwemvelo emangalisayo, enkulu futhi ekhulayo yezicelo ze «GNU/Linux».

Futhi ukuthola eminye imininingwane, unganqikazi njalo ukuvakashela noma yikuphi Umtapo wolwazi oku-inthanethi njengoba I-OpenLibra y I-JedIT ukufunda izincwadi (ama-PDF) ngalesi sihloko noma ezinye izindawo zolwazi. Okwamanje, uma ukuthandile lokhu «publicación», ungayeki ukuyaba nabanye, ku- Amawebhusayithi ayizintandokazi, iziteshi, amaqembu, noma imiphakathi zokuxhumana nabantu, okungcono mahhala futhi evulekile njenge I-mastodon, noma ukuphepha nokuyimfihlo kwangasese yocingo.

Noma mane uvakashele ikhasi lethu lasekhaya ku- DesdeLinux noma ujoyine iSiteshi esisemthethweni I-Telegram ye DesdeLinux ukufunda nokuvotela lokhu noma ezinye izincwadi ezithakazelisayo ku- «Software Libre», «Código Abierto», «GNU/Linux» nezinye izihloko ezihlobene ne- «Informática y la Computación»kanye «Actualidad tecnológica».